According to Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA):
Consideration shall be given to the employer's judgment as to what functions of a job are essential, and if an employer has prepared a written description before advertising or interviewing applicants for the job, this description shall be considered evidence of the essential functions of the job.
The same section defines a "qualified individual" as "an individual who, with or without reasonable accommodation, can perform the essential functions of the employment position that such individual holds or desires." In other words, "essential job functions" refer to the fundamental facets of a position that a person must be able to perform in order to do the job, regardless of that person’s accommodation support needs.
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